| Tsunami
in Pazifischen Ozean |
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Erdbeben Salomonen |
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Erdbeben Informationen |
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| Salomonen
- Pazifischer Ozean: Erdbeben vom 1. April 2007 |
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USGS
Meldungen
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On
April 1, 2007, a magnitude 8.1 earthquake rattled the Solomon Islands,
2,145 kilometers (1,330 miles) northeast of Brisbane, Australia. Centered
less than ten kilometers beneath the Earth's surface, the earthquake displaced
enough water in the ocean above to trigger a small tsunami. Though officials
were still assessing damage to remote island communities on April 3, Reuters
reported that the earthquake and the tsunami killed an estimated 22 people
and left as many as 5,409 homeless. The most serious damage occurred on
the island of Gizo, northwest of the earthquake epicenter, where the tsunami
damaged the hospital, schools, and hundreds of houses, said Reuters.
This
image, captured by the Landsat-7 satellite, shows the location of the earthquake
epicenter in relation to the nearest islands in the Solomon Island group.
Gizo is beyond the left edge of the image, but its triangular fringing
coral reefs are shown in the upper left corner. Though dense rain forest
hides volcanic features from view, the very shape of the islands testifies
to the geologic activity of the region. The circular Kolombangara Island
is the tip of a dormant volcano, and other circular volcanic peaks are
visible in the image. The image also shows that the Solomon Islands run
on a northwest-southeast axis parallel to the edge of the Pacific plate,
the section of the Earth's crust that carries the Pacific Ocean and its
islands.
The
earthquake occurred along the plate boundary, where the Australia/Woodlark/Solomon
Sea plates slide beneath the denser Pacific plate. Friction between the
sinking (subducting) plates and the overriding Pacific plate led to the
large earthquake on April 1, said the United States Geological Survey (USGS)
summary of the earthquake. Large earthquakes are common in the region,
though the section of the plate that produced the April 1 earthquake had
not caused any quakes of magnitude 7 or larger since the early 20th century,
said the USGS.
NASA
image by Robert Simmon, based on Landsat data from the UMD Global Land
Cover Facility.
A
great earthquake occurred at 20:39:56 (UTC) on Sunday, April 1, 2007.
The magnitude
8.9 event has been located OFF THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF THE SOLOMON
ISLANDS.
Data:
Magnitude 8.1
Date-Time
Sunday, April 1, 2007 at 20:39:56 (UTC) = Coordinated Universal Time
onday,
April 2, 2007 at 7:39:56 AM = local time at epicenter
Location
8.481°S, 156.978°E
Depth
10 km (6.2 miles) set by location program
Region
SOLOMON ISLANDS
Distances
45 km (30 miles) SSE of Gizo, New Georgia Islands, Solomon Isl.
205
km (125 miles) S of Chirovanga, Choiseul, Solomon Islands
345
km (215 miles) WNW of HONIARA, Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands
2145
km (1330 miles) NNE of BRISBANE, Queensland, Australia
Location
Uncertainty horizontal +/- 8.8 km (5.5 miles); depth fixed by location
program
Parameters
Nst=156, Nph=156, Dmin=343 km, Rmss=1.19 sec, Gp= 32°,
M-type=moment
magnitude (Mw), Version=8 |
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Tsunami-Warnung
vom Tsunami Pacific Warning Center in Hawaii
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AN
EARTHQUAKE HAS OCCURRED WITH THESE PRELIMINARY PARAMETERS
ORIGIN
TIME - 2040Z 01 APR 2007
COORDINATES
- 8.6 SOUTH 157.2 EAST
GAUGE
LOCATION LAT LON
TIME AMPL
PER
-------------------
----- ------ ----- --------------- ----- -----
----- -----
KINGS
WHARF FJ 18.1S 178.4E 0207Z
0.04M = 0.1FT 38MIN
PORT
KEMBLAO AU 34.5S 150.9E 0244Z 0.05M
= 0.2FT 14MIN
VANUATU
VU
17.8S 168.3E 0124Z 0.15M = 0.5FT 22MIN
CAPE
FERGUSON AU 19.3S 147.1E 0135Z 0.11M =
0.4FT 12MIN
MANUS
PG
2.0S 147.4E 0040Z 0.09M = 0.3FT
40MIN
HONIARA
SB
9.4S 160.0E 2308Z 0.20M = 0.6FT
62MIN
EVALUATION
SEA
LEVEL READINGS INDICATE A TSUNAMI WAS GENERATED. PTWC HAS
RECEIVED
REPORTS OF TSUNAMI RELATED FATALITIES FROM THE SOLOMON
ISLANDS
AND FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA. FOR THOSE AREAS - WHEN NO MAJOR
WAVES
ARE OBSERVED FOR TWO HOURS AFTER THE ESTIMATED TIME OF
ARRIVAL
OR DAMAGING WAVES HAVE NOT OCCURRED FOR AT LEAST TWO HOURS
THEN
LOCAL AUTHORITIES CAN ASSUME THE THREAT IS PASSED.
DANGER
TO BOATS AND COASTAL STRUCTURES CAN
CONTINUE
FOR SEVERAL HOURS DUE TO RAPID CURRENTS. AS LOCAL
CONDITIONS
CAN CAUSE A WIDE VARIATION IN TSUNAMI WAVE ACTION THE
ALL
CLEAR DETERMINATION MUST BE MADE BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES. |
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